Which countries are considered Bani Israel, according to the Quran?

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As the title says. 

[AbdusSibtayn]

It is the name of a tribe, not a country, i.e. the present diasporic Jews descended from Yaqub (عليه السلام) . 

[PureExistence1]

2 hours ago, AbdusSibtayn said:

It is the name of a tribe, not a country, i.e. the present diasporic Jews descended from Yaqub (عليه السلام) . 

That made me think...do we as muslims believe that the descendents of bani israel come only from the 10 brothers that threw Prophet Yusuf(عليه السلام) in the well? Or do we somehow make a distinction between their descendents and the descendents from Prophet Yusuf(عليه السلام) and his brother Benyamin? (Don't remember if his brother is a Prophet in Islam.)

[AbdusSibtayn]

5 hours ago, PureExistence1 said:

That made me think...do we as muslims believe that the descendents of bani israel come only from the 10 brothers that threw Prophet Yusuf(عليه السلام) in the well? Or do we somehow make a distinction between their descendents and the descendents from Prophet Yusuf(عليه السلام) and his brother Benyamin? (Don't remember if his brother is a Prophet in Islam.)

I believe it includes all the descendants of Yaqub (عليه السلام). I haven't read anything which restricts the definition to only the descendants of Yusuf (عليه السلام) or Binyamin (عليه السلام). Pretty much the same as how the Old Testament defines the twelve historic tribes of Israel. 

 

وَقَطَّعْنَـٰهُمُ ٱثْنَتَىْ عَشْرَةَ أَسْبَاطًا أُمَمًۭا ۚ وَأَوْحَيْنَآ إِلَىٰ مُوسَىٰٓ إِذِ ٱسْتَسْقَىٰهُ قَوْمُهُۥٓ أَنِ ٱضْرِب بِّعَصَاكَ ٱلْحَجَرَ ۖ فَٱنۢبَجَسَتْ مِنْهُ ٱثْنَتَا عَشْرَةَ عَيْنًۭا ۖ قَدْ عَلِمَ كُلُّ أُنَاسٍۢ مَّشْرَبَهُمْ ۚ وَظَلَّلْنَا عَلَيْهِمُ ٱلْغَمَـٰمَ وَأَنزَلْنَا عَلَيْهِمُ ٱلْمَنَّ وَٱلسَّلْوَىٰ ۖ كُلُوا۟ مِن طَيِّبَـٰتِ مَا رَزَقْنَـٰكُمْ ۚ وَمَا ظَلَمُونَا وَلَـٰكِن كَانُوٓا۟ أَنفُسَهُمْ يَظْلِمُونَ.

We divided them into twelve tribes—each as a community. And We revealed to Moses, when his people asked for water, “Strike the rock with your staff.” Then twelve springs gushed out. Each tribe knew its drinking place. We shaded them with clouds and sent down to them manna and quails, saying, “Eat from the good things We have provided for you.” They certainly did not wrong Us, but wronged themselves. [al-A’raf (7) :160]

 

As for Binyamin (عليه السلام), I haven't seen anything confirming his status as a prophet either, even though the Qur'an speaks highly of him.